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Q.V.17.2 A.V.17.2
What is the function of the medium of rest (adharma)? The function of the medium of rest is to support the state of rest of objects (living beings and matter).
Q.V.17.3 A.V.17.3
What is the meaning of the word motion (gati)? Cause of the movement of an object from space point to another is called motion.
Q.V.17.4 A.V.17.4
What is the meaning of support (upagraha)? It means to support or to assist.
Q.V.17.5
A.V.17.5
Why upagraha and upak ra both are given separately in the aphorism when just saying upak ra would be sufficient? To avoid misinterpretation of the word, they are repeated even though both mean the same, otherwise the aphorism would mean the medium of motion is to support motion of living beings and matter, and the medium of rest assists the rest of the matter.
Q.V.17.6
A.V.17.6
Space substance is omnipresent. Therefore it should be considered as the cause of motion and rest? No as the function of space is to provide place to living beings, matters and other substances.
Q.V.17.7
A.V.17.7
Can we consider either the medium of motion or the medium of rest as the function of both motion and rest? Motion and rest are two opposing activities and so their efficient causes have to be separate also. Thus they are considered separately and as independent substances.
Q.V.17.8
Medium of motion and medium of rest are both of equal potency and coexistent. Therefore they should oppose and obstruct each others function? No, as they are not the active forces but passive media only.
A.V.17.8 Q.V.17.9
Earth and water are generally seen as supporting motion and rest, then why consider the medium of motion and medium of rest as supporting motion and rest respectively? Both water and earth support motion and rest of only a few of objects and not all of them. Medium of motion and medium of rest support these activities respectively of all living beings and matter.
A.V.17.9
Q.V.17.10
A.V.17.10
How do we cognize / establish the existence of the medium of motion and the medium of rest? Both these substances are non concrete and so they cannot be cognized by sense organs. However a person with right belief even though not perfect, can cognize these by inferential knowledge.
vkdkkL; koxkg% V.18
Akasy vag hah
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