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AN EPITOME OF JAINISM.
Quality (IT) of a substance is its power of producing effects of changes in other things through time and space. It is ever
present in the substance. Neither being (ii) Quality. found to be without the other, they both
stand in the relation of invariable concomitance or simultaniety (atrue) with one another, instead of being in relation of antecedence and consequence in time (HAgafasi wa).
Modality or Modification (usta) again, is (iii) Moda lity. the successive variation (91#a) in the atomic
arrangement and configuration which a thing undergoes in the course of time and in space.
Now Substantiality, Quality and Modality Predica ments and being, in short, the three characteristic indi
cations of substance so called, quality and modality are also at times considered as substances under certain circumstances and relations when each of these three is thus characterised again with the tri-partite indications of substance. The Jain teachers, however, have come to the enumeration in general of nine categories or predicaments by pre-eminence as in the following-
their enumeration. Nine
