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from previous work that I have conducted on Jain rock-cut monuments elsewhere in India, specifically those found at Aihole (Aihole), Badami (Bādāmī), Dharashiva (Dhārāśiva), Ellora, and Ankai (Owen 2006a). While researching India's Jain cavetemples I discovered that boulder sites are not examined as sacred places for devotional activities but primarily as examples of medieval sculpture. In many survey texts of Jain art and architecture (Ghosh 1975; Sivaramamurti 1983; Hegewald 2009), individual relief-carvings from various boulder sites are selected and analyzed for their iconographical and stylistic attributes. The site of Kalugumalai, for example, is included in Ghosh's (1975: 229) edited volume under the chapter subheading "Sculpture in South Karnataka and Tamil Nadu." The text is accompanied by three photographs of the site: 1) a distant view of one of Kalugumalai's rock formations with surface carvings, 2) a detail of a relief depicting the goddess Ambikā, and 3) a relief featuring the Jina Pārsvanātha (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Detail of Pārsvanātha from Group 3 at Kalugumalai
