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Amrita
be admitted that it is something of a convenient supposition to explain the conflicting facts. To my mind, originally the work was called Daśakālika and not Daśavaikālika, as is amply proved from the words of the Nijjutti. Thus it really meant 'ten chapters dealing with the rules of conduct and of begging food', the word Kālika being used in the sense of a part of the canon called caranakaranānuyoga or kālikaśrūta. Later on when the book was canonised, as is suggested by the story, it was included in the Utkālika group of the texts because it could be studied at any time of the day, though taken from the Pūrvas and at any year of the monk's paryāya. Here, there must have arisen some confusion about the name Kālika which, in close connection with the name of the group Utkālika, was taken in the sense of a book to be studied at the prescribed time, as there was the other group of texts in contrast with it, even though the word was used in the title in quite a different sense, namely to mean a kind of part of the canon dealing with rules of conduct. Naturally to overcome the supposed discrepancy the title was changed to Daśavaikālika, a term identical in meaning with Utkālika and a trace of which meaning is preserved in the remark of the Cūrņi. Later on the title was explained in the light of the story to mean the book composed at the time of the evening, another meaning of the term vikāla. This was tried to be supported by the facts of: the story as best as they could, and thus both the name and its interpretation were settled in a form quite different from their original nature.
Annotations :
1. Ed. Āgamodaya Samiti p. 201 b. 2. Ed. Prof. Abhyankara at the end of his edition of the text. The numbers of the
Nijjutti gāthās refer to his edition. 3. Ed. of Jāmnagar 1933. 4. Die Lehre der Jainas, p. 58. 5. Ibid., p. 75. 6. Cp. for a discussion of the title M. V. Patwardhan The Daśavaikālikā : A Study,
pp. 9-10. He himself accepts the traditional explanation. 7. Cp. Hema. Pari. V. 86. Samayasundara, p.1 8. Ind. Stud., XVI. 223. 9. Uttaraddhyayana, Intro. pp. 23. ff. 10. p. 203b.
The Title Dasavaikālika Sūtra
Indian Historical Quarterly Vol. XIV. 1938