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show that sentences in a language, have various functions to perform, he gives examples of language games: the expression of sensation (PI-288), the reporting of past wishes (PI-654), the description of physical objects and description of senseimpression (PI-180), ostensive definition (PI-27) and so forth.
According to Wittgenstein, language is an ever changing process, for every moment it accepts new words, new sentences and new rules. He gives some analogies of language as a game. First of all, he compares with tool kits in a tool box. He says, think of the tools in a tool box: there are hammer, pliers, a saw, a screw-driver, a ruler, a glue pot, nails etc.. The functions of words are as diverse as the function of these objects. Actually, he wants to say that, various types of language games are but, the various types of uses of words. This view can be compared with the evambhuta naya’ and bhāva niksepa' as it also deals with the functional action of the words. According to the evambhuta naya, any word is meaningful only from view point of its pragmatic use. For instance, the word purandara should be, according to this evambhuta naya, designated as such only, when he is actually engaged in the act of destroying his enemies. Similarly the designation sakra is appropriate only, when he is actually manifesting his prowess.*
Another important contribution of Later Wittgenstein is the notion of ‘Form of Life', established in the later phase of his life. In Philosophical Investigations, he says, 'to imagine a language is to imagine a Form of Life'.' But this does not mean
Ludwig Wittgenstein. Philosophical Investigations. op.cit., Section-11. 2 Tattvārtha Sūtra, op.cit., 1.34. 3 Ibid, 1.5. * Pramāņa Naya Tattvalokālamkar. VII.41 yathendanam anubhavann indraḥ,
Sakanakriyā pariņath sakraḥ pārdāren apravrttah purandara ityucyate. PNTA VII.41. see Illuminator of Jaina Tenets. op.cit., 10.26; Bhikshu
Nyāya Karnikā, op.cit., 5.12 * Ludwig Wittgenstein. Philosophical Investigations, op.cit., Sec.-19.
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| SR No. | 006966 |
| Book Title | Applied Philosophy of Anekanta |
| Original Sutra Author | N/A |
| Author | Shashiprajna Samni |
| Publisher | Jain Vishva Bharati Institute |
| Publication Year | 2012 |
| Total Pages | 220 |
| Language | English |
| Classification | Book_English |
| File Size | 18 MB |