Jainism a Theistic Philosophy

SR No.: 006918
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Krishna A Gosavi
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith
Publication Year: 2012
Total Pages: 358
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 6 MB

Page 95

JAINA THEISM AND CONCEPT OF SOUL
virtuous karmas, while wicked actions are responsible for the inflow of sinful karmas.
Bondage is also of two types: psychical (bhāva-bandha) and physical (dravya-bandha). That conscious state by which karma is bound with the soul is called psychical bondage. The contact of the karmic particles with the soul is known as physical bondage.
The cause of bondage is due to perverse attitude (mithyādarśana), perverse knowledge (mithyā-jñāna) and perverse conduct (mithyā-cāritra). The worldly existence is due to the joint working of these three and so it is the destruction of all these three that leads to emancipation.
Perversity of knowledge and conduct depends upon the perversity of attitude. The perverse attitude (mithyā-darśana) defiles, as it were, the very texture of soul and it is but natural that all functions of the soul becomes defiled. Purification of attitude (darśana), therefore, is regarded as the purification of knowledge (jñāna) and conduct (cāritra).
The Āvaśyaka-niryukti44 says that conduct (cāritra) is the fulfillment of scriptural knowledge, while emancipation (nirvāņa) is the fulfillment of conduct. One, even though possessed of scriptural knowledge does not attain emancipation, if fails to bear the austerities or tapas and samyama (restraints), which constitute right conduct. Just a vessel, although having expert pilot does not cross the great ocean and reaches the shore desired by the trader in the absence of the wind, in the same way a soul-vessel, although competent, being possessed of knowledge (jñāna) as its guide, does not reach abode of the emancipated souls in the absence of wind of spiritual penance and restraints. Training and discipline of the intellect without the training and discipline of the will do not lead to freedom.
* Višeşāvasyaka-bhāsya, 1126