Sahrdayaloka Part 03

SR No.: 006910
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Tapasvi Nandi
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Publication Year: 2005
Total Pages: 676
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 15 MB

Page 78

The concept of “Rasa”
1253 Bharata then deals individually with 33 vyabhicārins such as nirveda and the rest.
Bharata observes : "evam ete trayas trimsad vyabhicārino bhāvā deśa-kālā'vasthā'nurūpyeņa ātmagata-paragata-madhyasthā uttama-madhyama'dhamaih stripumsaiḥ sva-prayogavaśād upapadyā iti.” (Trans. Unni) “These thirty-three vyabhicarins (transitories) should be represented by people of three types such as superior, middle and lower, in accordance with the suitability of place, time and situation in their actions." (pp. 222, ibid)
With this remark Bharata ends his discussion on vyabhicărins and then takes up the consideration of sättvika-bhāvas. It may be noted that our respected guru Dr. V. M. Kulkarni (Ref. "outline of Abhinavagupta's Aesthetics." Pub. 98, Ahmedabad) has considered the problem of the nature of Sättvika-bhāvas in great detail.
Bharata observes (pp. 223, ibid, Unni): atrā"ha - kim anye bhāvāḥ sattvena vinā’bhinīyanta yasmād ucyante ete sāttvikāḥ iti ?
atrocyate-evam etat. kasmat ? iha hi sattvam nāma manah-prabhavam. tac ca, samāhita-manastvād ucyate. manasah samādhau sattva-nispattir bhavati iti. tasya ca yo'sau svabhāvo romāñcā’sru-vaivarnyyā"di-lakṣaṇo yathābhāvópagatah, sa na sakyónyamanasā kartum iti. loka-svabhāvā'nukaranāc ca nātyasya sattvam īpsitam. ko drstāntah ? iha hi nātya-dharma-pravsttāḥ sukha-duḥkha-kstā bhāvās tathā sattva-viśuddhāh kāryā yathā sarūpā bhavanti duhkham nāma rodanā”tmakam. tat katham a-duhkhitena, sukham ca praharsā"tmakam a-sukhitena abhinayet? etad eva asya sāttvikatvam. a-duhkhitena a-prahrstena vā'sru-romancau pradarsitavyāv iti krtvā sātrvikā bhāvā ity abhivyākhyātāḥ."
(Trans. Unni.) - "Here one may ask-Is it so that the other emotions are represented without the presence of mind, that these are called 'sättvika-bhāvas' - the internal feelings that are self-manifested ?
The, answer is : yes; it is so. Why ? 'Sattva' means 'a state of mental disposition', or originating from the mind'. And that is evolved through the concentration of the mind. By the concentration of mind sattva is originated. Its natural characteristics are made evident by romāñca (horripilation), aśru (tears) and vaivarnya (change of colour) (following due emotion), - which could not be evidenced by absentmindedness. Since the nature of the dramatic performance is an imitation of the worldly actions, mental presence is definitely sought for. What is the evidence for this ? Here the emotions like pleasure and pain are to be represented (in dramas) following certain theatrical conventions in such a mentally purified or affected manner so that they may become true to life. Pain or misery calls for crying and