Sahrdayaloka Part 03

SR No.: 006910
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Tapasvi Nandi
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Publication Year: 2005
Total Pages: 676
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 15 MB

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SAHĶDAYĀLOKA Mālava-School of thought as represented in the Agni-purāna, Bhoja's works, the DR., etc. RS. has not only quoted various views but has also begged to differ from some predecessors. By and large the presentation is critical and objective. • We how turn to the more important topics of 'Bhāva' and “Rasa”.
We know that for Bharata bhāva-s were the instruments that made the sāmājika-s understand the kāvyártha. :
"vāg-anga-sattvópetān kävyårthān bhāvayanti iti bhāvāh." . (NS. Vol. I. Ch. VII, pp. 76, G.O.S. Edn.) Bharata has, in a way, also advocated the interdependence of bhāva and rasa
“na bhāva-hīnósti rasaḥ, na raso bhāva-varjitaḥ, paraspara-krtā-siddhis
tayor abhinaye bhavet.” The bhāva-s and rasa-s, with mutual dependence, make their presence feel in acting. Abhinavagupta explains that rasa-s make the bhāva-s capable or make them deserve the nomenclature of 'bhāva'; but of course from bhāva-s spring the rasas. "bhāvā rasān bhāvayanti nispādayanti. rasās tu bhāvān bhāvayanti. bhāvān kurvanti. bhāvā"di-vyapadesyān kurvanti. -ity arthah.” (A.bh., NS.) VI. 37.)
Bharata has enumerated forty-nine bhāvas in all out of which eight are sthāyin, eight are sātrvikas and thirty-three are vyabhicărin-s. All posterior writers, both on dramaturgy and poetics have followed Bharata in this regard, with very minor additions, alterations, if at all.
· The RS. begins its treatment of bhāva-s with sāttvika-bhāva-s (pp. 88, 89, ibid, I. 298B-301, etc.) Those that are born of 'sattva' or mind or "special mental effort, concentration" are termed sättvika-bhāva-s. The term 'sattva' means, "to paint (the spectator's mind) with some bhāva or feeling." Sättvika-bhāva-s normally are seen or produced after the feelings or emotions are created, and in this sense they are also “anu-bhāvas” i.e. “those that follow the bhāva-s” but they are not termed "anubhāva-s” but are given a special name of "sātrvika", because they are born of 'sattva' i.e. mind or a special mental effort that is qualified by concentration. To be happy or unhappy following the happiness or unhappiness of others, is a quality called "sattva". This is a special mental state on the part of an artist which is bor of concentration of mind. The mind of the actor, so to say, gets identified with the state of mind of the character concerned. Singa-bhūpāla accepts this view of