Sahrdayaloka Part 03

SR No.: 006910
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Tapasvi Nandi
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Publication Year: 2005
Total Pages: 676
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 15 MB

Page 202

“Concept of Rasa” as seen in Anandavardhana and...
1377 'anubhāva' is that (external) indication which suggests the (basic) emotion. They are cause (i.e. hetu, vibhāva) and effect (= kārya, anubhāva) of rasa and as they are seen as such (i.e. cause, effect etc.) in worldly context, they are said to be established as such. Hence their definitions are not separately attempted.
Dhanika says that because these vibhāvas and anubhāvas (in poetry) are directly realised as hetu and kārya in worldly real context, they are established as hetu and kārya in art-context (i.e. poetry, drama etc.) also. He observes : (pp. 171, 172, ibid) : "tayor vibhāvā'nubhāvayor laukika-rasam prati hetu-kārya-bhūtayoh samvyavahārād eva siddhatvān na prthag-laksanam upayujyate. tad uktam"vibhā'vānubhāvau loka-samsiddhau loka-yātrā'nugāminau loka-svabhāvā'nugatvāc ca na prthag laksanam ucyate.” (N.S., G.O.S. Vol. I, pp. 348).
Dhananjaya at DR. IV 4 tries to explain as to why a 'bhāva' is so termed as "bhāva”. Why all i.e. sthāyin, anubhāva, sātrvika, and vyabicārins are termed 'bhāvas' to begin with ? DR. IV. 4 observes :
“sukha-duḥkhā”dikair bhāvair
bhāvas tadbhāva-bhāvanam;" In the first karikā i.e. DR. IV. i, along with 'vibhāva' and 'anu-bhāva', 'sātrvikas' and 'vyabhicārin-s' were also mentioned. The word 'bhāva' is used with all the three viz. sthāyin, sāttvika and vyabhicārin. So, here Dhananjaya feels it imperative to explain the basic term "bhāva". This is defined as - By the happiness or unhapiness as expressed by the 'anukārya' (i.e. original character) as depicted in poetry or drama, the sāmājika also feels similar happiness or unhappiness etc. in his heart.
heart is having the same feeling as expressed by the anukārya of poetry or drama. This identity of the bhāva of the anukārya with the bhāva of the sămājika is termed 'bhāva'. Dhanika observes : (pp. 172, ibid)
"anukāryā”śrayatvena upanibadhyamānaiḥ sukha-duḥkhā”di-bhāvais tadbhāvasya bhāvaka-cetaso bhāvanam, vāsanam bhāvah. tad uktam - 'aho hy anena rasena gandhena vā sarvam etad bhāvitam, vāsitam, iti. yat tu 'rasān bhāvayan bhāvah' iti, kaver antargatam bhāvam bhāvayan' iti (N.S. G.O.S. Vol. I., pp. 346) ca, tad abhinaya-kāvyayoḥ pravartamānasya bhāvaśabdasya pravsttinimitta-kathanam. te ca sthāyino vyabhicāriņaś ca iti vakşyamāņāḥ."
The substance of what Dhanika wants to convey here may be put as follows. The characters that are imitated in drama are real Rāma, Dusyanta etc. The poet depicts feelings of happiness, unhappiness etc. in these characters and they are