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CHAPTER THREE
In the second chapter the worldly souls, so far as it concerns their life-species, have been divided into four types-viz. the hellish beings, human beings, animals and heavenly beings. In the third and fourth chapters their special nature is to be delineated through an account of their place of residence, lifeduration, body-size etc. The third chapter is devoted to an account of the hellish beings, animals and human beings, the fourth to that of the heavenly beings.
An Account of the Hellish-Beings :
Ratnaprabhā, sarkrāprabhā, vālukāprabhā, pankaprabhā, dhūmaprabhā, tamahprabhā, mahātamahprabhā—these seven are grounds. These grounds are situated on dense water, air and ākāśa and they lie one below another while the further down a ground is the more extensive it is. 1.
The hells are situated in those grounds. 2.
These hells are ever characterized by an increasingly more inauspicious leśyā or soul-colouring, pariņāma or physical transformation, body, vedanā or tactile feeling, and vikriyā or self-wrought bodily transformation. 3.
Moreover, they suffer from the pain caused to each other by each other. 4.
And in the grounds earlier than the fourth—that is, in the uppermost three grounds—they also suffer from the pain caused by the evil-hearted Asurās. 5.
The maximum life-duration of the beings residing in
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