Encyclopaedia of Jaina Studies Vol 01 Jaina Art and Architecture

SR No.: 006774
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Sagarmal Jain, Others
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith
Publication Year: 2010
Total Pages: 726
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 51 MB

Page 253

Jaina Temple Architecture : South India
231
and the broader upper one elegant bell-and-chains issuing from the mouth of grāsas.
This temple was probably built between c. A.D. 1060 and 1070.
Jaina Temple No. 2 - To the north of the Great Jaina Temple at Lakkundi stands another temple of Pārsvanātha. It consists of a vimāna, an antarala and a gūdhamandapa. The chief attraction of this temple is the stellate configuration of the adhisthāna of the vimāna as its bhadra, pratiratha and karna have each half diamond-shaped point both in plan and elevation. The adhisthāna of the antarala is peculiar in that it has a circular offset between the angular ones.
Stylistically, this temple is datable to c. A.D. 1060.
Virabhadra Temple - To the south-east of the Great Jaina Temple at Lakkundi is another Jaina temple, now worshipped by the Brāhmaṇas, but the doorframe carries Jina figure on the lalāta. Of this east-facing temple only the adhisthana and wall of the vimāna are preserved. The vimāna is tri-anga on plan consisting of bhadra, pratiratha and karna, the bhadra with an upabhadra being the widest offset and the pratiratha the shortest. Between the angas are also set up salilāntaras.
The adhisthāna is composed of an upāna, jagati, antarita, three-faceted kumuda, antarita, kapota and pratikantha, the last being adorned with makara figures which are damaged at many places. Each anga of the wall is cantoned by two slender pilasters possessing usual members in the upper section. The karna, pratiratha and the central offset of the bhadra show each a küta- topped niche containing kütastambha surmounted by Dravida, Bhūmija or Vesara form of superstructure. The salilāntaras contain küta-topped stambhas. Of the cavecornice only the kapota is intact.
Stylistically, this temple is placed in the latter half of the 11th century A.D. MULGUND
Mulgund is situated in the Dharwad district of Karnataka. It was a religious as well as political centre
in the time of the Kadambas. There are two Jaina temples of the Western Cālukyan period on the low hillock of the southern outskirts of the village. They are described here as Temple Nos. 1 and 2. .
Temple No. 1 - This north-facing temple consists of a vimāna, gudhamandapa, rangamandapa and dvaramandapa (hall-formed gate) attached with the compound wall of the temple. Except for the doorframe the vimāna is completely destroyed. The doorframe is of the pañcaśakha variety, and barring the outermost sakhā which is decorated with lotus petals, it is quite plain.
The gūdhamandapa, larger than the vimāna, shows lathe-turned pillars in the slightly raised nave and square pillars in the surround (Pl. 102). The lathe-turned pillars have a square plain moulded base; their shaft shows from below a plain square cube, broad recess, octagonal bell and belt, and circular kalasa; the capital consists of a circular minor tādi, ghata, påli and square phalaka; and the corbel is four-armed with a median band on each arm. The base and corbel of square pillars are similar to those of the lathe-turned pillars, but the shaft is differently treated as it shows from below a square plain cube, a broad belt with stylised pipala leaves, plain cube, narrow belt and a belt with usual pipala leaves. The doorframe of the gūdhamandapa is also of the pañcaśākhā type, but it is very ornate representing ratna, bhūta, stambha with central floral buckle and a panel with Jina figure below the kalasa, mālā (garland), and padma (outermost sakhā) adorned with lotus petals. On the lower section of the jambs stand figure sculptures. The lalāta block of the door-lintel is large and depicts a seated Jina figure with two cauri-bearers in a niche. Two stone grilles cut up with floral designs flank the doorway.
The rangamandapa shows four square pillars at the upraised nave, octagonal pillars on the surround and dwarf square pillars on the front. The nave pillars have a square moulded base, their shaft shows from below a plain cube, two narrow fluted belts with a median band
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