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A Treatise on Jainism
Carefulness in (6) Walking, (7) Speaking, (8) Eating, (9) lifting up and laying down, (10) Excreting. Control of (11) Mind, (12) Speech, (13) Body. Observing these rules regularly and flawlessly with the idea of realising the
Self is called Charitrachara. (d) Tapachara, Conduct of austerities is the
proper and regular observance of 12 kinds
of austerities (Tapas) as fasting etc. (e) Viryachara, Conduct of Soul force means
the development of Soul force and repulsion of the Karmic forces with the
view of attaining liberation. : An Acharya, as defined above, himself practises and observes all the above-mentioned five kinds of conduct, and instructs the saints of his order to do the same. Any saint of the order who is in the 6th and the 7th stages, is well versed in Jain Scriptures and is capable of teaching and instructing cther saints of the order, is called the preceptor (Upadhaya). All other sainis who are neither Acharyas nor Upadhyas are known as Sadhus. They may be in any spiritual stage from the 6th to the 12th stages, when delusion is absolutely
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