Confluence of Opposites

SR No.: 006704
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Champat Rai Jain
Publisher: Champat Rai Jain
Publication Year: 1921
Total Pages: 422
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 15 MB

Page 60

METHOD OF COMPARISON
All this bewilderment, confusion and entanglement is avoided by natural logic, which simply requires a fixed rule to proceed upon.
The distribution of the middle term, I may point out here, is not in the nature of a special charm or magical formula designed to guarantee the validity of an Aristotelian deduction in some mysterious way. It is simply another way, and a highly involved one for that of stating the logical principle which is the true foundaof tion deduction. For a term is said to be distributed when it is used in its entire extent, that is universally in other words, when reference is made to all "indivi. duals" or cases falling within its definition. Modern logic itself has to recognise that "inference always implies an effort on the part of the mind to see how phenomena are necessarily connected according to some general principle and, in carrying out this purpose, the mind must begin with the knowledge which it already possesses. When the general law of connection is known, and the object is to discover the nature of some particular fact, the method of procedure is deduc. tive. But when the problem by which we are confront. ed is to read out of the facts of sense-perception the general law of their connection, the method of: in. ference which must be employed is that of induction" (quoted from S. N. Banerjee's Handbook of Deductive Logic, pp. 80 and 81).
It is this necessary, generl connection, the true basis of valid deduction, which Western logic endeavours
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