Nandanvana

SR No.: 006597
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: N L Jain
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith
Publication Year: 2005
Total Pages: 592
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 25 MB

Page 79

Some Thoughts on Changes in Order of Some Jaina Chains ... : (59)
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In contrast with this order, there is the order of reals by Umāsvāti (1.4) where not only the number of reals is fixed but their order is also changed. It has been accepted by later scholars also. It seems that the canonical order of reals or categories is intellectually not very logical and psychological. In contrast, the order of Umāsvāti has both these qualities. This is more systematic too. What would have been the basis for this change of order? However, this change indicates the strong indication of Umäsvāti being an independent thinker.
6. The Order of the Tetrad of Expositions (Anuyogas)
The term 'Anuyoga' means subject wise compositions. The early canons involve many subjects in every text. There was no tradition of subject-based canons. However, the twelfth canon had a section on exposition of biographies which was divided in two sub-sections: (1) Biographies related with the Ford-builders and the Enlightened ones (Prathamanuyoga) and (2) Biographies related with other torchbearers. 25 Later, the gradual loss of memory and intelligence, led Aryarakṣita to develop the concept of four expositions based on different category of subjects during first-second century C.E.20 The Digambaras also agreed to this. Samantabhadra even defined the subject-contents of these expositions. Thus, both the traditions agree to four expositions. But both have their different order and some difference in names as shown below in Table 1.
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Table 1: The Tetrad of Expositions
1.
2.
3.
4.
Digambaras
Exposition on Biographies (Prathamanuyoga)
Exposition on Conduct (Primary and Secondary, Caraṇānuyoga)
Exposition on Cosmology and Sciences (Karaṇānuyoga) Exposition on Metaphysics or Realology (Dravyānuyoga)
2.
1.
3.
4.
Śvetämbaras
Exposition on Primary & Secondary Conduct (KaraṇaCaraṇānuyoga)
Exposition on Religious Tales or Biographies
(Dharmakathānuyoga)
Exposition on Mathematics and Sciences (Gaṇiānuyoga)
Exposition on Metaphysics or Realology (Dravyanuyoga)
It is seen that the first exposition of biographies of the Digambaras has become the second exposition of the Svetambaras. The third exposition of Cosmology and Sciences has become exposition of Mathematics of the Svetambaras. The second exposition