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INTRODUCTION
of Vidyās mentioned at various places in Vasudevahindi see appendix IV, 74, at p. 51 Vasudeva hiņdi Part II. It also mentions Mahārohini Prinapti, Mahājwālā Mānavi and Kālī besides Gauri and Gandhāri, mentioned above who are amongst the 16 Jain Mahavidyās.
JWALAMALINI AND DIGAMBARA JAIN MÃNTRIKAS
We have already stated that according to Vasudevahiņdi the most powerful Vidyā is Mahājwālā alias Mahājwālini alias Jwālāmālini. Vidyādharas accomplished in this Vidyā are there described to be always victorious over their opponents who may be accomplished in other Vidyās. This is, perhaps, the reason why this Vidyādevī, who is also the attendant deity-Sāsandevī of the eighth Tirthařkara Śrī Candraprabha, is popularly worshipped and has independent Mantrakalpas. The oldest Mantrakalpa available of Srī Jwālāmālini alias Jwālinī is of Sri Helācārya alias Elācārya a Digambara Acharya and a Mantrika of great repute. He has also composed a hymn in praise of the deity. There is another Kalpa by Sri Indranandi, also a Digambara Jain Achārya, based upon the said old Kalpa of Sri Helācārya. Srī Malliseņasūri, author of the present work-Sri Bhairava Padmāvati kalpa has included in his "Vidyānusāsana", an abridged Jwālāmālini Kalpa and has also composed an independent Mantra-Kalpa of this deity. We may note here that according to the Digambara tradition famous Mantrasiddhas began with Sri Pūjyapāda (6th century Vikrama era) followed by the said Sri Helācārya (of Drāvida Sangha) who flourished circa 9th century Vikrama era and Sri Indranandi (of Drāvida Sangha) who flourished circa 996 Vikrama era i.e. Saka 861. Then came the author of the present work Sri Malliseņasūri who was followed by Sri Subhacandrācārya, author of Jnānārņava, Bhattāraka Sri Aristanemi and Bhattāraka Sri Subhacandra (circa s.y.1608), who was a pupil of the famous Bhattāraka Jnānabhūșaņa. Sri Ariştanemi wrote Sri Sridevi Kalpa and Sri Subhacandra wrote Srī Ambikā kalpa. There have been others also of lesser note who need not be mentioned here.x
X Bhattáraka Simhanandi (circa 16th ceatury Vikrama era) wrote 'Namaskāra-Mantra
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