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( xxxiv) 2 half-palas=1 pala 105 palas - 1 tula 10 tulas=1 addha-bhāra
20 tulas = 1 bhāra 67. The third kind of measures called omana were used for measuring the length, breadth, height, etc. of various objects. The terms, damda (stick), dhaņu (bow), juga (yoke), naliya (bamboo), akkha (axle) and musala (pestle) are all synonymous words standing for a length of four cubits. The term rajju stands for forty cubits. The cubit was the unit of measure for houses, stick for land, bow for road, and bamboo for walls (sutta No. 324). .: 68. The fourth kind of measures, called gaạima, consist of numbers used for counting, viz, ekka (one), dasaga (ten), sata (hundred), and so on. The purpose of these measures is to enable one to keep accounts of one's income and expenditure (sulta No. 327).
69. The fifth kind of measures, viz. paạimaņa, used for weighing gold, silver, jewels, pearls, etc., are given as follows (sutta No. 328-329): 5 gumjās
= 1 khammamasaa 4 kaganis
= I kammamāsaa 3 nipphāvas - 1 kammamāsaa 12 kammamāsaas = 1 mamdalaa 48 kāganis
= 1 mamdalaa 16 kammamāsaas = 1 suvappa (=1 karisa, 'vide supra,
footnote on pasati in 65 where 16 maşas are quoted as equivalent
to one karisa) 64 kāganis
I suvanna, 70. Now we come to the second division of pamāna, called khettappamāņa (sutta No. 330). It is also divided as padesanipphanna and vibhā ganipphanna. Under the former fall the measures of space occupied by one, two, three or more space-points, the maximum limit being the space occupied by an innumerable number of space-points which is coextensive with the loagăsa. Under the latter (sutta No. 332) the units are amgula, vihatthi, rayani, kucchi, dhaṇī, gāuya, joyaņa, sedhi, payara, loga and aloga”. The most basic unit here is amgula which is of three kinds,
1. 2.
The term cubit (hattha or rayani) will be defined later on (vide infra, 71). Aloga is infinite in extension, and so could be left out of the consideration in this connection.
