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in new karmic matter.
2. Voluntary Partial Dissociation: This is found in the case of a monk endowed with right knowledge. He dissociates the bound karmic matter through the practice of penance. As this dissociation is effected by the voluntary efforts, it is called voluntary dissociation. And as this dissociation is voluntary, the soul, at that time, has pure states and as a result binds no new karmic matter.
Thus the means for the voluntary partial dissociation is penance. Penance primarily means extinction of desires. And the means for the exitinction of desires are twelve forms of penances. Of the twelve forms, six are external and the other six are internal.
We can see the external penances. They are the forms of the mortification of body. The six external penances are as follows:
(1) Anaśana : To give up all sorts of food for a limited period of time or till death.
(2) Uņoduri: To eat less than what is needed to fill the belly.
(3) Vrttisarksepa : To limit the items of food.
(4) Rasuparityāga: To give up stimulating or delicious food, viz. ghee, milk, curd, oil, etc.
(5) Viviktasayyāsanasumlinata : To stay in lonely places free from all disturbances.
(6) Kāyuklesa : To place one's body under stress through cold or heat, through adopting diverse postures and the like.
The internal penances could not be seen. They purify the internal states of the soul.
The six internal penances are as follows:
(1) Prāyaścitia : Atonement. To repent and atone for the sinful acts.
(2) Vinaya : Veneration. To respect and honour the
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