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this purpose, accurate collection and estimation of all relevant evidences are necessary and these being wanting in the cases of the fasts of the above examples, it cannot be said that they are absolutely true, being based on Syad-vada. The examples given above are intended simply to indicate the manner in which one is to proceed in the matter of appraising the evidences, if he wants to tread the track of the Syád-vāda.
The true meaning and the exact scope of a relation between facts or phenomena are thus clearly intelligible only from the application of the limiting conditions of nature, time, place and mood. In this connection arises the question about the character of these conditions. Looke, as we know, drew a distinction between what he called the "primary" and the " secondary " qualities of objects. The former were such essential characteristics like extension etc., which permanently existed in the material objects, no matter whether any one perceived them or not. The secondary qualities like colour, sound etc., on the contrary, did not inhere in the essential substance of matter but were dependent on the percipient's apprehensions. Berkeley took the next step and contended that even the so-called primary attributes of material bodies were but
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