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Introduction/Premble to Chapters I & II
Samayusāra Thus, parasamaya is the state of worldly existence of the soul while svasamaya is the state which has transcended the worldly conditions. 3. Apramatta, pramatta - These terms literally mean vigilant/alert and and non-vigilant/careless respectively. They are technical terms used to denote the two stages of spiritual advancement and to indicate ascetic aspirant's ethico-spiritual development on the path of emancipation. In the earlier stage of an ascetic life, the aspirant is bound to 'neglect some of his duties and is generally careless about austerities and penances. Vigilance is achieved after an arduous course of spiritual discipline and keeps the ascetic alert and wakeful. (4) Vyavahāra naya, niscaya naya - Please see the doctrine of nuyas in the preamble above. 5. Śrutakevali : An erudite scholar of scriptures, who is deemed to be an omniscient, by virtue of his scriptural knowledge being on par with that of an omniscient. The term is thoroughly explained in the annotation to verses 9 & 10 of the first chapter.
The soul who has annihilated all passions and psychic dispositions polluted with attachment and aversion is qualified and entitled to be called Svasamaya-totally self-generated state/mode of existence.
The soul who possesses even an iota of attachment is parasamaya. According to the above, only omniscient (kevalī) and the emancipated souls (siddha) are svasamaya. All the rest are parasamaya. The above definitions are from the ultimate and transcendental aspect. 6. Jñānī, ajñānī : These terms would literally mean "one who knows” and “one who does not know" i.e., who is ignorant, respectively. But here the term ajñāni does not mean ‘ignorant' i.e. devoid of knowledge, but possesses perverted knowledge. Jains believe that perverted belief, perverted knowledge and intense attachment are the three beginningless states of the consciousness infected with delusion. This is the root of all evils. In the absence of right belief/world-view, the knowledge cannot be right and is therefore perverted. The soul gropes in the darkness until the potency
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