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of birth to another kind of birth, merit and demerit, passage to the other life etc. Thus in the Western religious literature the talk about the above subjects came to be closed. Hence there only remained the subjects of human brotherhood, love, tolerance etc. about which the western philosophers could talk.
This is what we have been given to understand and this information seems to be correct because the Western Philosophy deals with only these aspects but does not deal with the fact that the objects of senses and passions such as anger etc. are responsible for spoiling inumerable future lives of the soul and, therefore, they should be discarded. For this reason it is that, like in India, there is no discussion in western works, about character, ethical behaviour, continence etc. and there is no insistence on a life in which renounciation, penance etc. are practised vigorously. Also there is no thought regarding non-violence, truth etc. in terms of the life hereafter.
A question may arise that, although, there is no consideration of the above personal practices, in the Western Works, yet, there is definitely a good deal of emphasis placed on humanism, brotherhood, love, friendship etc. which are all very good virtues. In reply to this line of thought, we must state that, the western thinkers, who have totally dropped matters which concern spiritual upliftment, the life hereafter and such other aspects, have, undoubtedly limited the range of human achievement to a very petty level. They have encouraged the thought that the greatest height
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