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Nyāyāvatāra: 30.
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cannot enable me to enjoy that body now. Some hold that the atoms alone are true, while practically it is the aggregates or lumps alone that are true. This is Rju-sūtra,, which is followed by the Buddhists.
5) Sabda (the verbal) consists in using a word in a conventional sense, and not according to its etymological derivation. Thus the word satru usually, or in its conventional sense, means “enemy”, while etymologically “a destroyer”. The grammarians are the followers of this method.
6) Samabhirūdha (the subtle) consists in making nice distinctions among the synonyms, applying each name appropriately according to their etymological derivation. The grammarians are the followers of this method.
7) Evambhūta (the such-like) consists in naming a thing only when it possesses its practical efficiency. Thus a man should be named Sakra if he actually possesses strength (sakti), implied by the name. The grammarians are the followers of this method.
नयानामेकनिष्ठानां प्रवृत्तेः श्रुतवम॑नि । संपूर्णार्थविनिश्चायि स्याद्वादश्रुतमुच्यते ॥ ३० ॥
30. The knowledge which determines the full meaning of an object through the employment, in the scriptural method, of one-sided nayas, is called Syādvāda-sruta.
The sruta or scriptural knowledge is of three kinds, v.z.: 1) false hearing or knowledge (mithyāsruta), such as that derived from the scripture of the bad Tirthikas; 2) hearing of the one-sided method (naya-sruta), that is, the knowledge derived from that
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