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formless it is like a pot." In this statement Sound is subject, eternality is the desired conclusion, 'being formless' is cause and like a pot' is example. In the example 'like a pot' the goal of eternality as well as the cause of formlessness both are unfitting because being created by man it is not eternal and being made of matter it has a form. Thus this example is wrong on both counts—means and goal. This too has four branches
(a) Adharmayukta—the story or example that incites evil thoughts $ in the listener and inspires him to indulge in evil deeds. Such stories are
included in Adharmayukta Aharanataddosh. An example—A boy was stung by ants. His father got all the ants killed by pouring hot water ir the ant-hole. Chanakya heard this story and he was inspired to kill his enemies by poisoning and he did that.
(b) Pratilom aharanataddosh-a story or example that inspires reaction. For example the proverb-rod is the logic of fools inspires to react violently to violence done to you.
(c) Atmopaneet aharanataddosh- an example used for showing faults of other doctrine but tarnishing own doctrine. An example a person comments in a meeting-"Everyone is fool here." The speaker inadvertently included himself in 'everyone'.
Another example-A king once asked an augur named Pingal—"Al efforts have failed to repair the breach in this pool. What should be done ?" The augur replied—"This pool requires that a good person be sacrificed here. A person with such and such qualities should be buried alive at the point of the breach. Only then it could be repaired." The king asked his minister to look for such a person. The minister said—"Sire! Where would we find a person better suited than this augur." The king ordered his guards to sacrifice the augur. The augur died due to his thoughtless uttering. Such examples are included in Atmopaneet aharanataddosh
(d) Durupaneet aharanataddosh-an example that exposes one's own shortcomings. For example-Someone asked a beggar, "O beggar ! Why your patchwork garb has so many holes ?" The beggar replied"This is not my garb, this is a fishing net." "Do you eat fish ?" "Yes ! But it does not taste good without wine." "Do you drink wine as well ?" "Yes! But only with that prostitute, never alone." "So, you also go to a
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