Kuvalayamala Part 2

SR No.: 002778
Original Sutra Author: Udyotansuri
Author: A N Upadhye
Publisher: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan
Publication Year: 1970
Total Pages: 368
Language: Sanskrit, English
Classification: Book_Devnagari & Literature
File Size: 12 MB

Page 119

80
KUVALAYAMÄLÄ
in Apabhramśa; and the Gurjara traveller has his verse in Apabhraṁśa. This at once indicates the layers of the society in which Apabhramśa was favoured more, and it affected by proximity the literary Prakrit now and then. The broad yet striking grammatical traits of all these passages studied together may be noted here preferably in comparison with the description of Apabhramśa given by Hemacandra in his grammar.
Some liberty of vowel changes is seen in forms like varai < varākaḥ 6.9; puni < punar 6.22; piyami for pibāmi 112.23; anņi pani < anye punar 149.15; and bhadaraya < bhaṭṭārakāḥ 147.28. The vowel r is retained in trna 31.12, and a conjunct group with r is noticed in a word like prāņa 47.6 (cf. Hema. VIII. iv. 329, 398).
Coming to Declensional forms, Nom.sing. termination u (often with ksuffix) is seen besides o in the case of a-ending nouns; dujjaņu 5.27; jāņiu 5.31; vanu 149.8, lohium 112.23 (cf. Hema. VIII. iv 331-2 also 354). Sometimes the termination in the Nom. and Acc. is absent, and besides vowel-variation is seen: kājala ghūja (for kākāḥ ghūkāḥ) 82.27 (see also 112.10, 15); ṇavamkurarehira puhaï, vāvaḍa haliya 147.25.27; ekka, cciya koilā mottum 147.30 (cf. Hema. VIII. iv. 344, also 330, especially illustrations). The forms of the Nom. pl. of neuter nouns ending in a of the type kesaraïm, bhavaṇaïm, gāmaïm (besides gāmāïm 72.31) 31.16-7, 56.22 (see also 112.32 f., 117.21 f.) are found in plenty (cf. Hema. VIII. iv. 353). The Instr. sing. forms of a-ending nouns are of the type mahalleṇam saddem 6.1 (Hema. VIII. iv. 342). The Gen. sing. forms of a-ending nouns are of the type dujjanaho 6.11, demtaho 6.22 etc. The form mayahim (mṛtasya) 5.28 is either a case of vowel-variation or of contamination with i-ending types; the pl. forms are of the type cilayaham 112.21 (cf. Hema. VIII. iv. 338-9, 341). The Loc. sing. forms of a-ending nouns show the types cittae 6.1, samsaggi 6.20, ghari 79.30, gharoyare 147-26 (cf. Hema. VIII. iv. 334). Pronominal forms like jasu 47.6, tahu, 47.6; jahim 31.15, tahim 72.35 and kahim 121.2; jāha 118.18; and ayaho 6.2 are found in our passages and have their correspondence in Hemacandra's rules. The k-suffix is used here quite in plenty kaḍuyau, mahurai 6.5, juvalulla 23-16. Participle forms with the suffix alla, illa or ulla etc. are quite interesting: jāyalliya 6.2, bhariyallai 6.9, see also 112.11-12, kaïsiyao jāyalliyao 113.10. Agreement in gender seems to be upset in pahayaü ṇāyara-baliyai 140.3 (Hema. VIII. iv. 445). The potential participle form type of mariyavvai 112.21 is noted by Hemacandra (Ibid. 438). In these passages though the vocabulary is the same as in Prakrit, one is struck by the tendency to use Deśī words (112.22) and Dhātvādeśas (112.18 etc.). Forms like jaisai, kaisaiya 5.27, 7.22 are sanctioned by Hemacandra in a special sutra (VIII. iv. 403); and saïm (for svayam) 6.4 is found more than once in his illustrations (on sūtra 402). The words like ghaïm 5.28, ji, jji or jje (for eva) 6.25, 6.56 and vunna (= viṣaṇna) are noted by Hemacandra (VIII. iv. 420-21, 424). Onomotopoic dhātvādesas used by Uddyotana, such as, karayara 5.30, caḍapphaḍa 5.29, khamakhama, phuraphura 23.16, cilicili, kilikili 82.27-28, maghamagha 169.27 are perhaps colloquial. These characteristics of the Apabhraṁśa passages are covered by the rules of Hemacandra. The description of Apabhramsa given by Hemacandra is a bit more pervasive covering many dialects, or local variations,