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INTRODUCTION
79
5) SUBHACANDRA AND HIS COMMENTARY
a ) DETAILS ABOUT ŚUBHAJANDRA Though nothing is known about the family life of Subhacandra, the author of the Sanskrit Vrtti on the Kattigeyānuppekkha, he gives at the close of some of his works his hierarchical genealogy, sometime in short and sometime in greater details. He belonged to. Nandi-samgha, a sub-section of Mūla-sangha, and Balātkāra-gaņa. The genealogy - begins from Kundakunda of venerable antiquity and stands as below:
Kundakunda>Padmanandi> Sakalakirti">Bhuvanakīrti > Jõānabhūşaņa> Vijayakirti>Subhacandra.
Some of the predecessors of Subhacandra were great writers of their times.
Kundakunda: Traditionally Kundakunda is said to have composed 84 Pāhudas, but only about a dozen of his works have come down to us. Some of them like the Pravacanasāra and Samayasāra are pretty big works, while others like different Pähuđãs are comparatively short treatises. All his works are in Prākrit (or specifically, Jaina Sauraseni). He flourished about the beginning of the Christian era.
Padmanandit: According to a Pattāvali, this Padmanandi succeeded Prabhācandra on the pontifical seat at Delhi (Ajmer ?) and is roughly assigned to a. D. 1328–1393. He came from a Brahmin family, and is the author of the Bhāvanā-paddhati, a hymn of 34 verses in fluent Sanskrit', and the Jirāpalli-Pārsvanātha-stotrao. He consecrated an image of Adinatha in the year, Sam. 1450 (-57 ) A. D. 1393. It is his pupils that occupied further three seats of Bhattārakas at Delhi-Jaipur, at Idara and at Surat.
1) For an earlier discussion see my paper Subhaoandra and his Prakrit Grammar' in the Annals of the B.O. R. I. XIII, 1, pp. 37-58, Poona 1932.
2) It appears (see p. 204 of this edition) that the line really begins from Sakalakirti.
3) A. N. UPADHY8: Pravacanasāra, Intr., Bombay 1935. JUGALKISHORE MUKTHAR : Purātana-Jaina-Väkya-sūcā, Intro., pp. 12–18, Sarsawa 1950.
4) Lately a systematic study about these lines of Bhattarakas is presented by Prof. V. P. JOHARAPURKAR in his excellent work Bhattāraka Sampradāya ( in Hindi ), Sholapur 1958. For Padmanandi, see Nos. 233-37 and also pp. 93-95.
5) Published from a single Ms. in the Anekanta, vol. XI, pp. 257-59.
6 ) Half a dozen hymns of this name are noticed in the Finaratna-kośa (Poona 1944) p. 141; the one attributed to Padmanandi is published from a single Ms. in the Anekānta, vol. IX, p. 246.
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