________________
376
S. B. DEO
in a village,. . sadguravah; at the gates of a village,.. 'Cheda'; outside the village,. . 'Müla'; at the boundary of the village,. . 'Pārāñcika.'
Not only that, but the punishment increased with the post occupied by the person in the church hierarchy, as for instance :
Normally, monks were not to stay in a place full of seeds. But if they stayed there, then the following prāyaścittas were prescribed : 59 Designation Prāyaścitta
Nature Acārya 'Laghuko māsa' "Tapasā kālena ca
gurukah Upādhyāya
"Tapasā gurukah' Vrsabha
"Kālena gurukah Bhikṣu
'Tapasā kālena ca
laghukah.' With all this, however, details about the 'parihāra,' 'anavasthāpya' and the 'pārāñcika' are also to be found in the Byhatkalpabhāşya.
(a) Parihāra :
The 'parihāra,' as we have already seen, prescribed isolation of the monk who was given that punishment.
Other monks were not allowed to have a talk or a reading with, inquiries about the health of, salutation or rising up in respect to, scanning the requisite of, having company or an exchange of food and drink with the punished.60
It will be seen from this that the details are the same as those found in the Chedasūtras. (b) Cheda :
'Cheda' or 'cutting the paryāya of a monk' was prescribed for the following types of offenders : 61
(1) who was proud of his penance, (2) who was unable to carry out penances, (3) who had no faith in penance,
59. Ibid. Vol. IV, 3304. 60. Ibid. Vol. V, 5596-98; 6033-34; Jit. bha: 2110-56, (p. 180ff). 61. Ibid. 2280-87; Vin. 16, 13.
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