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sense and the figures of speech are subordinated to Rasa, etc. This Rasadhvani is instanced in Tİ HTË fact etc., quoted by Hemachandra under Sūtra 11 (wherein he has defined poetry). It is clear, therefore, that in the new conception of Poetry, excellences, figures and styles are spoken of as the causes of the heightening of Rasa. What are Poetic Embelishments ?
Hemachandra has used the adjective Sālamkāraih to qualify word and sense in poetry. He now defines Alamkāras and determines their nature and scope in the realm of poetry in Sūtra No. 13). Being a follower of the new School of Dhvani theory, which was responsible for subordinating all the traditional concepts of poetic expression to the principal element of Rasa, Hemachandra frames a very brief but significant definition of Alamkāra by way of giving a general idea of what Alamkāra means. He states that figures of speech are dependent upon word and sense which are the body of a Rasa (the soul). In other words, Alamkāras or figures of speech reside in the body of a poem and not in the soul, Ātmā, of it. This Sūtrā along with its gloss is a clear literal echo of the text of the Dhvanyaloka (II. 6/2): "Angāśritāstvalamkārā mantavyā kațakādivat". Here the difference between a Guna and Alaskära becomes clear. According to Anandavardhaka, Mammața, Hemachandra and others of the Dhvani School, while the Guņas belong to and are the properties of Rasa, the principal element in the poem, the Alaṁkāras are related to the Sabda and Artha, Angāśritāḥ. in the opinion of theorists of this school, the relation between the Alamkāra and the Rasa is such that the existence of Alamkāra is justified according to the role it plays towards the ultimate realisation of Rasa.
Concepts of Guna and Alamkāra Distinguished
The rather short definition of the Alamkāra (Sūtra 13) is elucidated in the Gloss. Alamkāras are dependent on the word and the sense which constitute the body of the soul called
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| SR No. | 001713 |
| Book Title | Kavyanushasana Critical Study |
| Original Sutra Author | N/A |
| Author | A N Upadhye |
| Publisher | A N Upadhye |
| Publication Year | 1987 |
| Total Pages | 558 |
| Language | English |
| Classification | Book_English, Literature, & Kavya |
| File Size | 10 MB |