Kavyanushasana Critical Study

SR No.: 001713
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: A N Upadhye
Publisher: A N Upadhye
Publication Year: 1987
Total Pages: 558
Language: English
Classification: Book_English, Literature, & Kavya
File Size: 10 MB

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idiot. A Gaņikā's love is synthetic or artificial, based on feigned affection, intent on monetary profit. She is, in short, out to earn money by pleasing the customer. 205
Hemachandra mentions (VII. 30) 206 the eight states (Astau Avasthās) of a Nāyika's love towards her husband. But it will be seen that all these eight states are possible only in the case of a wife; when a woman is not a wife, but another's woman or merely an unmarried giri, all these states are not possible; only the last three (viz. Virahotkanthita, Vipralabhā or Abhisarikā) are possible.
These peculiar eight states of the Nāyikās (Svā and Parā) are duly explained by our author.
Dhananjay (D.R. 11.28) remarks that "the heroines of the last six types (i.e., all except the Svadhinapatikā and Vāsakasajjā) are characterized by reflection, sighing, weeping, change in colour, weakness and absence of ornaments; (but) those of the first two varieties (i e., Svādhinapatikā and Vāsakasajjā), by playfulness, radiance, and joy." The Avaloka points out that the heroine connected with another (Parastri), wether maiden or wife, cannot be of all these varieties. For instance, Mālavikā should not be regarded as Khandita.
Now each of the varieties mentioned so far may be either Uttama, Madhyama or Adhama (D.R.11.45 refers to this threefold classification of all characters viz. Nayaka, Nāyikā, etc). We thus get, by successive multiplication, the total of 384 types of Heroines. 20 7
It may be noted that Hemachandra reproduces the commentary of Dhanika (D.R.JI. 28 ff.) Verbatim under K.A.S. VII.31 where he states that Parastri type of the heroine can have only three of the eight states, Svadhinapatikā, etc.
This is the force of tradition - stereo-typed divisions, stereo-typed restrictions, stereo-typed conventions, which make even Hemachandra, a thinker of no mean order, to follow Dhananjaya, and Dhanika without a question. And this is a
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