Kavyanushasana Critical Study

SR No.: 001713
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: A N Upadhye
Publisher: A N Upadhye
Publication Year: 1987
Total Pages: 558
Language: English
Classification: Book_English, Literature, & Kavya
File Size: 10 MB

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are twofold each: Abhidhamula-padadhvani and Abhidhamulaväkyadhvani on the one hand, and Lakṣaṇāmula-padadhvani and Lakṣaṇāmūla-vākyadhvani on the other.
Hemachandra states 'Samsargadayaśceme Bhartṛharina proktāḥ' meaning that Bhartṛhari had laid down factors like etc. Actually the 14 circumstances or factors mentioned by name, as also the other factors such as Abhinaya, Apadeśa, Nirdeśa, Sañjñā, Ingita, etc., serve as clues that help in deciding the sense of the words. These are Samsarga (Samyoga), Viprayoga, Sahacarya, Virodhitā, Artha, Prakaraṇa, Linga, Anyasabdasannidhi, Samarthya, Aucitya, Desa, Kala, Vyakti (Viseṣa) and Svara. It will be noticed that Hemachandra gives a more detailed explanation than Mammata of these main (14) and additional 6 (14+ 6 = 20) factors.
Interestingly, Hemachandra refers to Aucitya44 and notes. that Arthaviseṣapratiti is brought about by Svara in the form of Kaku45 which is a Svara of a sort as it involves modulation of voice; Kaku in "Mathnami Kaurava-satam samare na kopāt" consists in a change in the voice of Bhimasena under the influence of an emotion. For, the angry Bhima poses a question here: "Shall I not kill the hundred Kauravas ?" The apparent meaning is that he will not kill the Kauravas; but this sense is to be rejected; for Bhima is the speaker, and he is possessed by anger which he expresses with the help of the Kaku or intonation and then the sense of the words changes suddenly: "I will definitely and unfailingly destroy all the Kauravas in the battle."
Hemachandra interprets the Adi in Svaradayaḥ to include six more factors, viz., Abhinaya (gesticulation), Apadeśa or pointing to some person and Nirdeśa is a veiled reference to a person or thing - both involve signs or gestures such as Itaḥ etc. Sañjñā is a sign - shaking the head or nodding approval. Ingitam is also a gesture or movement of a limb to indicate internal feelings. And Akara is the facial expression displaying inner feelings. Incidentally, Dr. Raghavan (S. P. p. 708) has
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