Kavyanushasana Critical Study

SR No.: 001713
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: A N Upadhye
Publisher: A N Upadhye
Publication Year: 1987
Total Pages: 558
Language: English
Classification: Book_English, Literature, & Kavya
File Size: 10 MB

Page 117

on common qualities or Guņas, the Indicative word conveys the indicated or indirect sense and the Suggestive word conveys the suggested sense. Hemachandra observes that the division of words is based on the different senses conveyed by the word-the same word; it is, therefore, not real (but theoretical). In other words, the senses are different, i.e., four-fold and therefore we have to conceive of four-fold words, eventhough the same word may convey several different senses, depending on circumstances. Thus sabdabheda is due to Arthabheda. Unlike such well known authors as Mammața and Visvanatha, Hemachandra gives four types of words corresponding to four types of senses. He has thus stated Mukhya, Gauņa, Lakşaka and Vyañjaka Śabdas, and Mukhyā, Gauņa, Laksya and Vyangya Arthas correspond to them. This division of words is based on the four-fold classification of Senses that these words yield. It may be noted here that this classification is peculiar to poetry only, because suggestive (and even metaphorical) words occur in poetry only, and not in sciences such as Logic, Metaphysics, etc. Mammața has significantly used the word Atra to mean "here, in poetry ".20 The Vaisesikas and others admit only a two-fold śabda, i.e., Vācaka and Lākasanika but the Dhvani theorists like Anandavardhana and others of his pursuation believe that the Suggestive word and the Suggested Sense are important in poetry and that the Suggested Sense is possible in poetry only. As Hemachandra, like Mammața, is a protagonist of Dhvani theory, he has mentioned the Vyañjakaśabda which is the basis of suggestion. The processes or powers by which the four types of Words lead to the four corresponding Senses are called Abhidhā (Denotation), Gauņi (Metaphorical), Lakşaņā (Indication) and Vyañjanā (Suggestion). These will be defined and a detailed discussion of the powers or functions called Vrtti, Śakti or vyāparā follows.
The Expressed Sense : Different Views
First and foremost, the denotative or Expressive power is defined and explained. To start with, the definition of the
92