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330 00 Scientific Contents in Prākṛta Canons
Table 1: Sthānānga Classification of Sounds.
Sound
Lettered
( scripted)
(i) Languagical
Sistrum
sounds (Ghana)
Vitāta
Ghana
Non-lettered (non-scripted)
2-4 sensed &
subhumans
Musical
Stringed
(Tāta)
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Ornamental
(anklet sounds)
Violin
Instruments
Drum
(Susira ) ( Susira )
Sthānānga
Musical sound due to stringed instruments (Lute, Violin etc.)
(ii) Non-languagical
Musical sounds due to non-stringed instruments
Metallic sounds (sistrums/cymbals )
When one looks at the later literature, one finds that this classification is modified to avoid duplication. There also seems some difference in the meaning of some terms as
below :
Term
Tāta
non-stringed Instruments (Vitäta )
Non-musical
Metallic (Ghana)
Non-ornamental
(i) Metallic (Bronze)
(ii) Clapping
(iii) Kicking
Pūjyapāda
Musical sounds due to stretched membranes (Drum)
Musical sounds due to stringed instruments Striking (metallic) and reed instruments (Harmonium etc.)
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