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The Jaina world of Non-living
3. Pancāstikāya, 79 says that natural or artificial sound is produced by the collision of aggregates. Prajnāpanā points out that the fine mattergic sound is propagated by its own kinetic energy as well as impelling energy supplied by air or other entities in space. Niyamsāra states that sound is aggregatal and forms the fourth fine-gross class of their classification as it is received by non-ocular sense of hearing. This placement has been pointed out to be overlapping even by G. R. Jain as sound is taken as a form of energy along with light etc. 4. Prajnāpanā points out that sound is produced due to physical activities in the body to receive mattegic sound particles and pronounced in two instants through vocal activity. The material cause is the living being while the other factors are instrumental. Its fine particles have a shape of diamond and it can travel upto the end of occupied universe with high velocity. 5. The speech or sound forms the seventh variform out of eight major variforms. Its variform is finer than respiration and grosser than mind-vaiform. 6. The classification of sounds in the commentary may be illustrated through the following Table on the next page. It is said that the lingual sounds are always efforted. Mahendra Muni has given this table in somewhat different way which has no material differences. 7. It is observed that there is some difference in the meanings of the terms Tata etc. in some Jaina texts and texts of other systems. This has been indicate by G. R. Jaina and Jain in their articles. However, all these terms include all types of efforted sounds.
Sound
Lingual
Non-Lingual
1. Alphabetical (sanskrta etc.)
2. Non-alphabetical (sounds of living beings of two or more senses)
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