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physical, but mental. These mental sufferings or tensions are due to our attachment towards worldly object. It is the attachment, which is fully responsible for them. The famous Jaina text Uttarādhyayana-sūtramentions "The root of all sufferings-physical as well as mental, of every body including gods, is attachment towards the objects of worldly enjoyment. It is the attachment, which is the root cause of mental tension. Only a detached attitude towards the objects of worldly enjoyment can free mankind from mental tension."13 According to Lord Mahavira to remain attached to sensuous object is to remain in the whirl. He says "Misery is gone in the case of a man who has no delusion, while delusion is gone in the case of a man who has no desire; desire is gone in the case of a man who has no attachment."14 The efforts made to satisfy the human desires through material objects can be likened to the chopping off the branches while watering the roots. Thus, we can conclude that the lust for and the attachment towards the objects of worldly pleasure is the sole cause of human sufferings and conflicts.
If mankind is to be freed from mental tensions, it is necessary to grow a detached outlook in life. Jainism believes that lesser will be the attachment, the greater will be the mental peace. It is only when attachment is vanished, the human mind will be free from mental tensions and emotional disorders.
Non-Possession to resolve economic inequality
The attachment gives birth to desire for possession, occupation and hoarding, which is nothing but an expression of one's greedy attitude. It is told in Jaina scriptures that greediness is the root of all sins. It is the destroyer of all the good qualities." Anger, pride, deceit etc. all are the offshoots of attachment or mineness or greed. Violence, which disturbs our social and environmental peace, is due to the will for possession. In Sūtrakrtānga, it is mentioned that those having possession of whatever sort, great or small, living or non-living, can not get rid or sufferings and conflicts (1/1/2). Possession and hoarding lead to economic inequality, which cause wars. Thus, to achieve peace and the norm of non-violence is social life, the prime need is to restrict the will for possession mental as well as physical also, that is why Mahāvira propounded the vow of complete non-possession for the monks and nuns, while for laity, he
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