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ever, universe (Lokakash) and non-universe (alokakash) are considered its two
divisions. Q. 39. Define Universe (Lokakash)
That portion of space in which all the substances are found is called the
universe (Lokakash). Q. 40. Define Non-universe (Alokakash)
The (empty) infinite space outside the universe is called the non-universe (Alokakash) (In the non--universe, space alone exists
without the other five substances). Q. 41. Define Time Substance (Kala Dravya).
That which is a passive cause in the function of self-functioning substances such as soul, matter, etc, is called the (real) Time substance. For example :- An iron axle
in the revolving wheel of the potter. Q. 42. How many kinds of Time Substance are
there ? It is of 2 kinds : (i) Real Time Substance (Nishchaya
Kala) (ii) Conventional Time (Vyavahar Kala)
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