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JAINISM
SPACE
Space is that which acts as a receptacle of all the other substances; and it is not a kind of thing that needs to be contained. It has not that nature of needing to be contained. It is a reality, but not matter (pudgala).
TIME
Time is not a collection of indivisible inseparable parts, as are the other five substances. Time is called a substance only as a matter of convenience. It is really the modification (paryaya) of a substance. It is the modification of a thing or being by which we know the anteriority or posteriority of it, the oldness or newness. And it is a modification which is common to all the other substances (dravyas). Time is really the duration of the states of substances.
DEFINITIONS OF SUBSTANCE
Having mentioned the kinds of substance that there are in the universe, the next thing will be to give the definition of substance. The definition must be such that it shall include not only matter, visible and tangible to the senses, but also spiritual substance (soul) not cognizable by the senses.
Any substance can be looked upon in four different ways, and so it shall be defined from each of these four points of view. This is only possible in thought and not in actual fact. · Definition No. 1.- Substance is that in which the differences of time, space, and modifications inhere together.
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