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7. THE ORIGINS We have obtained, substantially fair, picture of the pre-Aryan Šramanic Society inhabiting the vast region
stretching from Egypt to Bhārata. The Introductory
origin of this society has engaged the labours of various scholars. Only tentative solutions have been offered and this is also one of them.
We have not been able to excavate the base of the Indus pre-historic cities. The foundations of the cities of Harappa and Mohenjodaro are still submerged in water and the lowest level has not yet been contacted. If the scientists accept the challenge of History; drain off the water and bring to life the culture hidden under water ; the world may witness more startling discoveries than the archaeologists have been able to give hitherto. But we have to rest at what we know.
The lowest level of the Sumerian culture and civilization has been excavated. The al-Ubaid period of the pre-flood age Original Home of has been unearthed to history. The Sumethe Sumerians rians of this period appear to have intimate contacts with the remote regions on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean. Their peculiar painted pottery spread to the northern limits of Mesopotamia and was thence carried eastwards to the valley of the Orintes river and to the shore of the Mediterranean, witness to a far fung trade ; and actually in the house ruins under the Flood Silt at Ur, two beads made of amazonite have been found ; a stone of which the nearest known source is the Nilghiri hills of Central India ; It was a fairly sophisticated community that could import its luxu
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