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( 275 ) ant in West Asia and Egypt by the middle of the first millennuim B. C.
What is that basic force that wrought Birth of the Institution of this change in the Aryan tribal system ? Religion
My answer is : Institution of Religion. When Ur, the great capital city of Sumer, having a population between 2,50,000 to 5,00,000 human beings, had passed through Isin and Larsa periods; the Great Hammurabi of Babylon, the first Amorite king, reduced it to subjection. This was the last Semitic rule of Sumer and Babylon. Then the great Aryan Warrior bands from the land of Elam in Iran annihilated the civilization of Babylon and Ur. The Semitic race was completely annihilated. It took to flight to the West. This event happened. Circa 1700 B. C. The Semitic race had been in Aryan contacts for pretty long times. It had experienced the social efficacy of the Aryan social organisation of tribal collective and its single supreme leader who was the giver of all earthly material happiness to his subjects. It also had long contacts with Bhāratīyan and Egyptians spiritual civilization and more with its ethical aspect in Egypt. But a defeated society could not be kept in unison on material grounds alone because immidiate material prosperity could not be promised to the disintegrating society for lack of State power. Under the new pattern, only material promises could keep the social unity in tact. These Semites had known that the highest stage of personal spiritual practice led to unending happiness and bliss but that was now a receding doctrine under the new set of circumstances. When a ruling society faces disintegration and fails to keep social homogeneity through military power ; it is out in search of a new force. The Semites did the same. They deformed materialism and
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