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GLOSSARY OF TERMS : xix
(Ninnaka), Pakkanika, Kulāksa, Gonda, Sinhala, Pārasya (Pārasika), Andhra (Krauñca), Udamba (Ambadaka), Tamila (Damila, Dravida), Cillala (Cillasa or Cillaka), Pulinda, Hārosa, Domba (Doma), Pokkāna (Vokkāna), Gandhāharaka (Kandhāraka), Bahalīka (Bālhika), Ajjala (Ajjhala), Roma, Pāsa (Māsa), Pradusa (Prkusa), Malaya (Malayālī), Cañcūka (Bandhuka), Mūyalī (Cūlika), Konkanaka, Meda (Meva), Palhava, Mālava, Gaggara (Maggara), Ābhāsika, Nakka (Kanavīra), Cīnā, Lhāsika from Lhāsā), Khasa, Khāsika (Kahāsis of Asam), Nedūra (Nedūra), Mandha (Mondha), Dombilaka, Laosa, Bakuša, Kaikeya, Arabāka (Akkhāka), Hūna, Rosaka (Russians), Romaka (Romans), Marūka (Māruta), Ruta
(Bhramararūta), and Vilāsa (Cilāta), etc. Pratyākhyāna (Vow to renounce) - To take a vow to renounce
something or some act for some time or for life is called Pratyākhyāna. It is of many types. However, the Sthānā -riga-sūtra lists these five types – 1. Śraddhāna-śuddha Pratyākhyāna (Vow taken with unwavering faith), 2. Vinayasuddha-pratyākhyāna (Vows taken and observed with utmost humility), 3. Anubhāsanāśuddha-pratyā khyāna (Vows taken and observed as enunciated), 4. Anupālanā-śuddha-pratyākhyāna (Vows taken and observed flawlessly), and 5. Bhāvasuddha-pratyākhyāna (Vows taken and observed with purity of disposition).
Šalya (Sting) - What stings or causes pain or rankles is Šalya. The
three categories of Śalya are' - 1. Deception sting (Māyā
A. Sthānānga, 3/3/385.
B. Samavāyānga, 3/15. Jain Education International
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