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NIYAMSARA.
27. That which possesses one taste, color, and smell, and two touches is of natural attributes. Those tangible to all (senses) are in Jain Philosophy said to be of non-natural attributes.
Commentary.
There are 5 tastes - pungent, bitter, astringent, sweet, sour. Colours are five-white, yellow, green, red and black. Smell is good or bad. Touches are eight-hard, soft, heavy, light, cold, warm, smooth, rough.
अरावेक्खो जो परिणामो सो सहावपज्जावो । खंधसरूवेण पुणो परिणामो सो विहावपज्जायो ॥ २८॥ अन्यनिरपेक्षो यः परिणामः स स्वभावपर्य्यायः । स्कंधस्वरूपेण पुनः परिणामः स विभावपर्य्यायः ॥ २८ ॥
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28. The modification which is independent of other objects is the natural modification (Svabháva Paryaya); and modification in the molecular form is the non-natural modification, (Vibháva Paryáya ).
पोग्गलदव्वं उच्चइ परमाणू णिच्छएण इदरेण । पोग्गलदव्वोत्ति पुणो ववदेसो होदि खंधस्स ॥ २६॥
पुद्गलद्रव्यमुच्यते परमाणुर्निश्चयेन इतरेण ।
पुद्गलद्रव्यमिति पुनः व्यपदेशो भवति स्कन्धस्य ॥ २६ ॥
29. From the real point of view an atom is said to be "Matter substance"; but from the other (i.e., practical point of view) the term "Matter substance" has been applied to a molecule.
Commentary.
In reality an indivisible and the smallest possible particle of matter, i.e., an atom is the real "matter substance." Its attributes are the natural attributes of matter. Such an atom must have five attributes :
(1) any one of the five colours ; (2) any one of the two smells; (3) any one of the five tastes;
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