Reals on the Jaina Metaphysics

SR No.: 001619
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Harisatya Bhattacharya
Publisher: Shatnidas Khetsy Charitable Trust Mumbai
Publication Year: 1966
Total Pages: 430
Language: English
Classification: Book_English, Philosophy, Religion, & Epistemology
File Size: 8 MB

Page 174

Matter
159
a Paramāņu is looked upon as a “Pavihattā” of “Saṁkhā”i.e. determinant of the number or quantity of a material mass.
MATTER IN ITS GROSS FORM
Matter in its gross form is called Skandha. It is a complete molecular constitution. In a Skandha, we have the material qualities of touch, taste, odour and colour, in their explicit manifestation'.
COMBINATION, MODES OF
We may, however, consider here some of the gross modes of matter, as stated by the Jaina’s.
I It is defined as "Sayala Samattham" (Sakala-Samasta) i.e. a complete molecule. Such a molecular body is said to be capable of existing in any of the six forms.
1. Bādara-bādara, a solid thing. Under this class, come those substances which we ordinarily call solid and hard.
2. Bādara--a liquid thing. The characteristic of such a substance e.g. water, is that its parts become combined as soon as they are separated.
3. Sūksma--bādara,--a substance, appearing as solid. Instances of such a susbstance are darkness, lightning, shadow,--a mass of which can neither be broken nor separated nor caught hold of.
4. Bādara-sūkşma,-a small particle, capable of being perceived. A substance under this class is very minute, although it is perceptible by the senses of touch, taste, smell and hearing.
5. Sūkşma,-a particle so small as to be imperceptible. Karma-pudgala is a substance of this nature which is so minute as to be supersensuous.
6. Sūkşma-Sūkşma,--an extremely small particle. Such a substance is minuter than even the Karma-pudgala. It is Skandha all the same and may be an aggregate made up of two Paramāņu's only.
"The six forms of molecular aggregates”, says Kunda Kundācāryya, "are Earth, Water, Shadow, the objects of the four senses, Karma and Molecules beyond Karma". Obviously, this list is only illustrative and not a complete one, Bandha or combination, for instance, is a mode of matter according to the Jaina's which does not find its place in the above list. The author of DravyaSamgraha mentions the following modes of matter,
सद्दौ वन्धौ सुहभौ थूलौ संठाणभेदतमछाया। उज्जौदादवसहिया पुग्गलदव्यस्स पज्जाया ।।
PE (Fou :) Sound, combination, minute, gross, shape, separation, darkness, shadow, lustre and heat are modes of material susbstance. 1 Even this classification hardly gives a complete list of gross matters.