________________
addhā sāgaropama. One descending cycle of time consists of ten crores multiplied by one crore addhā sāgaropamas. The ascending cycle is of the same extent. The duration of karmas, the duration of particular forms, the lifetime and the duration of the bodies of the beings in the four states must be measured by addhā palya, This has been said briefly in the verse:
Vyavahāra, Uddhāra and addhā must be understood as three palyas, Vyavahāra palya is the basis of numeration. The enumeration of continents and oceans is by the second. The duration of karmas is reckoned by the third addhāpalya."52
Further, 1014 vyavahāra palyopama = | vyavahāra sāgaropama
1014 uddhāra palyopama = l uddhāra sāgaropama 1014 addhā palyopama = I addhā sāgaropama.53
It is further important to note how the time-instants and spacepoints cardinals of these big units are correlated as follows54 :
Set of points in finger width
= [ Set of instants in Palya
[ log2 (set of instants in Palya )]
Set of points in stretch of world line (Jaga Sreņi)
log2 (set of instants in Palya )
innumerate
r Set of points in cube of finger
width
CONCEPT OF KALPA
There are two regions, Bharata
and Airāvata where there is
52. Numerically, vyavahāra palyopama = 4.13 x 1046 years, Uddhāra palyopama = (4.13 x 1046 ) x ( innumerate crore years of
instants ) Samayas. Addhā palyopama = (Set of instants in uddhāra palyopama)
X (Set of instants in innumerate crore years). 53. Cf. T. P. G., p. 22. Cf. also V. P., for variations in Svetāmbara
tradition, pp. 245-248. 54. Cf. T. P. G., p. 22.
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