________________
Pudgala in the Philosophy of Mahavira and Modern Science
207
Silver contains 47 Protons, 47 Electrons (Ag), Copper has 29, 29 (Cu), Silver possesses biggest nuclear binding energy.
Gold contains 79 Protons, 79 Electrons (Au), Mercury has 80, 80, (Ha).
Uranium contains 92 Protons, 92 Electrons (Ur), Kurchetovium 104, 104 (Ku).
Uranium contains smallest nuclear binding energy.
The Jain system of classification of molecules in groups of 27 Varganā according to their respective functions seems to be more emperical and concise. This nuclear binding force is the energy binding proton and neutron at the Nucleus.
Bhedasamaghatebhyah-Utpadyante :-(Tatta. 5/26)-Molecules Skamdha28 (or combination of particles) are formed by three processes (1) by Division, (2) by Union and (3) by Combined process of Division and Union simultaneously. Procuring pieces of stone by breaking a stone slab, producing lead by emission of rays from radium, or splitting water (H,O) into hydrogn and oxygen by electrolysis demonstrates the instances of Division; mixing hydrogen H, with oxygen we get H., O (water) by burning magnasium in open air we get magnasium oxide 2 Mgo. It is an instance of formation of Skandha by union, while by diluting zinc in sulphuric acid Zn+H_50,=Zn S04+H, we get zinc sulphate and hyrogen emitted, it is a process of obtaining Skandha (molecule or aggregate body) by division and union. The advanced researches of physical Chemistry by the Electronic theory of Valency have found three methods of linking atoms :--Electrovalent linkage, covalent linkage and co-ordinate linkage applying to inorganic salts, organic compounds and sharing of electrons respectively. These three modern processes are transference, sharing (union) and combined transference and sharing. 29
Bhedāt Aņu :-The ultimate particle called Aņu is obtained by division of Skandha (not by process of union or fusion). It is
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
