Jaina Biology

SR No.: 001543
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: J C Sikdar
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Total Pages: 340
Language: English
Classification: Book_English, Science, Biology, & Philosophy
File Size: 19 MB

Page 128

Animals and their Classification
117
Trapusam imjagā and Kārpāsāsthika (cucumber-and cotton weevils and lice - Aptera, Ametabola ), Satapadi or Satapadikā (centipeds) and Utpatāka (Spring-tails, Aptera - Ametabola ), Trnahārakā (Plant lice ) and Kāşthahārakā ( Termites = white ants = Neuroptera), Hemimetabola belong to the Arthropod group of the Higher Invertebrates. The Arthropods are very successful terrestrial animals, e.g. fleas, the centipeds, insects etc.
As pointed out, some of the two-sensed animals come under the category of the Annelids and Mollusca, e. g, Nupuraka (earth worm) and Jalūkā (leeches ) fall under the species of the Annelids, while Sankba (Conchifera), Suktika (pearl - mussel) and Sambuka (Helix ) belong to the groups of Mollusca.
All of the three-sensed animals live in part of the world only, they do not live everywhere.10 They live in both land and water. But mostly they continue their life in water, as it is stated that they live in Agada (a small water place), Talaga (pond ), Nadi (river ), Daba (Lake), Vāvi (a large oblong pond), Pukkhariņi (pond ), Dihiyā (big tank), Gumjaliyā (a large water-place), Sare (Lake or water-pool), Sarapamtiya (rows of such pools), Bila (hole or pit), Bilapamtiyā (rows of holes), Ujjhara (fountain or spring), Nijjhara (waterfall or pits ), Cillala ( a kind of watery place ), Pallala (a kind of Jalāśaya ), Vappina (a kind of Jalāśaya, ), Diva (island ), Samudda ( seal ) in all Jalāśyas (marine places ) and Jalatthānas (watery places).11
They live in the innumerable parts of the Universe with regard to birth, etc. 12
Four-sensed Animals
Four-sensed animals 13 which also belong to the category of the Higher Invertebrates are of two kinds, viz. subtile and gross ones. Both are either developed or undeveloped. 14 They are as follows:
Andhiya ( a kind of four-sensed animals ), Pottiyā (gnats ), Damsā (gad-flies) Nettiyā (a kind of four-sensed animals), Macchiyā (Maksikās, flies ), Magamigakidi (Kița-butterflies and moths ), Lepidoptera, Holometabola, Masagā (Mosquitoes ), Payamgā (Patangas-grasshoppers and 10. Uttaradhyara Sūtra 36.139. 11. Paņņavaņā Sutta 2.164. (Sthana pada ). 12. Pannavanā II, 14. 13. Ibid. 14. Uttaradyoyana Sūtra 36.145; Pannav.na 1.58,1.
; Tattvārtbadhigama Sūtra II. 34.