________________
56
प्राकृतसर्वस्वम् ।
SECTION III
A Critical Analysis of Prakrit Dialects by
Grammarians
(a) The various divisions of Prākrit by orthodox scholars.
18. The Indian grammarians and rhetoricians broadly divide the Pkt words into three principal catagories :
(i) Samskrtasama “Sanskrit-like' (CD, I. 1; Hc, p. 1; SR, p. 1), also called tatsama where tat stands for Sanskrit ( Tv, p. 1 $i. 6; Lk. p. 6, $i. 47; Mk I. 2; Dindin I. 32; Dhanika II. 60 ) and designated as tattulyo ( Vägbhatālankāra II. 2) and samānasabda ( NS. XVII, 3).
(ii) Sanskrtabhava, originated from Sanskrit (SR, p. 1 ) commonly designated as tadbhava ( Tv, Mk, Lank, Dandin, Dhanika ) also saṁskrtayoni ( Hc. I. 160), tajja ( Vāgbhata ), and vibhrasta ( NS. XVII, 37 );
and
(üi) desya ( Hc, Tv, SR, Mk, Vāybhata ) or desī (DN, I. 2; Dandin, Dhanika) also desīprasiddha (CD) desimata ( NS. XVII. 37 ).
The words having the same form both in Skt and Pkt are Tatsama words. Mk gives the examples of tarala, taranga and manthara eto. as Tatsama words. Ho and his followers classify tadbhava words into sādhyamānasamskrtabhava and siddhasarskrtabhava. The former class includes the Pkt #ords and presupposes Skt words, from which they are derived in their " unfinished form without an affix or suffix" (cf. avarāhilla=aparādhavat ).
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
