Jaina Ethics

SR No.: 001334
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Dayanand Bhargav
Publisher: Motilal Banarasidas
Publication Year: 1968
Total Pages: 314
Language: English
Classification: Book_English & Principle
File Size: 15 MB

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The Conduct of a Faina Monk pride, fear, ambition and deceit.1 Besides this, one should observe the common etiquette by not paying respect to one who is lecturing, invigilant, taking food or excreting bowels.
Pratikramaņa
Pratikramaņa consists in self-criticism (nindā) censuring before guru (garhā) and confession (ālocanā) of the moral transgressions. It is to be performed in day, at night, for negligence of movements, fortnightly, four-monthly, yearly and for the whole life.4 Pratikramaņa is to be performed for wrong attitude, absence of self-control, passions, and inauspicious activities. There should be no sense of pride, while performing pratikramana. There should be no delay in reporting one's faults to the guru.?
Besides the above-mentioned self-criticism, censuring, and confession, which are called bhāva-pratikramaņa, the reciting of Pratikramaņa Sūtra is called dravya-pratikramana. 8 Both of these should go together.
Kundakunda has also made a distinction between vyavahāra pratikramana and niscaya pratikramana. From niscaya point of view, meditation is the pratikramana for all trangressions.10 Kundakunda has included self-contemplation, conduct, righteousness, freedom from crookedness, thorns (Salya) of mind, self-discipline, avoidance of ārta and raudra dhyāna, and triple jewels of right attitude, knowledge and conduct, in pratikramana so as to make it all-comprehensive. 11
This may also be pointed out that pratikramana was required to be performed for those transgressions alone which were actually committed in the time of all Tirtharkaras, except
1. Mūlācāra, 7.106-111. 2. Ibid., 7.100. Also Anāgāradharmāmsta, 8.53. 3. Ibid., 1.26. 4. Ibid., 7.116. 5. Ibid, 7.120. 6. Ibid., 7.121. 7. Ibid., 1.125 8. Ibid., 7.126. 9. Ibid., 7.128. 10. Niyamasāra., 92, 93. II. Ibid., 83-91.