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which prevents acquiring any knowledge of Scriptures, avadhijñānáva: raniya, which hinders direct knowledge of material objects, manahpary āyajñānāvaraṇīya, which obscrues direct knowledge of the thoughts of others and kevalajñānāvaraņiya, which prevents us from knowing right way of attaining liberation. Darganävaranīya which prevants us from holiding faith and is of nine kinds, namely, cakşurdarsanāvaraniya which obscures the physical sight, acakşurdarsanāvaraniya which obscures the perceptual power of the four senses (except the eye) and the mind, avadhidarganāvaraṇīya, which hinders the faculty of direct insight of material things, kevaladarsanāvaraņiya which obscures the right intuition of obtaining liberation, nidrā which generates a light, pleasant slumber from which the sleeper is aroused by the clicking of finger, nails or by a slight call, nidrānidrā which produces a heavy slumber from which the sleeper can be awakened by being shaken violently, pracalakarma, which causes sound sleep which overtakes a person sitting or standing upright, pracalāpracala, which causes an exceedingly intensive sleep that overtakes a person while walking and styānagıdhi which generates worst type of slumber with terrific vigour through which man may commit horrible crime in the sleep. Vedaniyakarma which produces feeling of pleasure and pain is of two kinds, sātāvedaniya which leads to worldly pleasures and asātāvedanīya which leads to misery. Mohanīyakarma which obscures true faith and right conduct is divided into 28 kinds. First of all it is divided into two Darganamohaniya which infatuates the person so that he looses his discriminative power of distinguishing right and wrong belief and Cäritramohanīya which obscures right conduct which is the property of the soul. Again darganamohaniya is: divided into mithyätvamohaniya, which obscures right belief and produces complete wrong belief, samyaktvamohanīya, which obstructs getting complete belief but produces correct partial belief and miśramohaniya which produces a mixed belief having some degree of truth and some of falsity. Caritramohaniya is classified into 25 kinds, on the basis of obstruction produced through 16 passions-Kaşāya mohaniya and 9 semipassions (no-kaşāyamohanīya). Ayuşyakarma (age determining karma) which determines the length of 3 times of Jiva in the particular form which his karma has endowed him. It is again divided into four kinds determining the age of celestial (deva), human (manuşya), animal or or sub-human (tiryag) and hellish beings (nāraka). Nāmakarma, which is the cause of physical diversities is of 42 kinds, such as state of existence (gati), caste, body etc. Gotrakarma which determines the heredity or family is of two kinds that which destines superior heredity (Uccairgotra ) and that which determines the inferior heredity (nīcairgocra). Antarāyakarma, which obscures the power of the soul is of five kinds, - dānāntarāya which obstructs charity, lābhāntarāya, that which obstructs
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