Compendium of Jainism

SR No.: 001202
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: T K Tukol, A N Upadhye
Publisher: Prasaranga Karnatak University Dharwar
Publication Year: 1980
Total Pages: 352
Language: English
Classification: Book_English & Philosophy
File Size: 17 MB

Page 325

ANEKANTAVADA-SYADVADA
313
a stage in the state of fermentation when it is not possible to say that the liquid is either niră or an intoxicating drink (sindi). The only reasonable reply would be : 'I cannot say'. It is inexpressible and the quality of the liquid becomes indescribable. To return to our example, it is an attempt to present the states of "being" and “non-being" in the jar simultaneously.
The remaining three modes are derived from combining the three primary concepts in such a way that these three, combined with the four modes hitherto expounded, exhaust all the possible or alternative aspects of truth concerning the object in question.28
The fifth mode is a combination of the first and the fourth predicates. It predicates the two attributes of existence and inexpressibility simultaneously. May be, the jar is and is inexpressible'; that is, the two predicates are presented together, “Being" refers to its existence while “inexpressibility” refers to the changing modes of the substance with reference to its dravya, rūpa, kāla and kşetra. The sixth mode viz., syānnāsti ca avaktavyam. “The jar is, the jar is not with reference to another substance' but when both are simultaneously predicated, the concept becomes inexpressible. This is again an instance of simultaneous predication of three concepts. The seventh predication relates to simultaneous assertion of existence, nonexistence and inexpressibility. The jar exists with reference to its dravya, kşetra, rūpa and kāla and it does not exist with reference to the four attributes of some other substance. When the two are combined in predication, they become inexpressible. This is formed by the combination of the third and the fourth predications.
It may be of interest to cite another illustration given by Mahalanobis while dealing with the theory of Syādvāda : Consider the tossing of a coin; and suppose it turns up “head”. We may say 1) "it is head" (now). This also implies, 2) “it is not head" (on some other occasion). The third category follows without difficulty, 3) “it is and it is not” which is a synthetic predication based on both 1) and 2). The fourth category predicates that the position is still indeterminate.. Consider the throw