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SANMATI-TARKA
[1.3
something either from the standpoint of identity or difference. Statenents of things from the former point of view come under the head of Dravyāstika or Sangraha or Sāmānya--generalisation as it is otherwise called Statements of things from the standpoint of difference fall under the category of particularization or Visesa as it is called. Many minor classifications of things are possibly ranging between general and particular viewpoints. But briefly speaking there can be only two groups of statements of these sorts. These two groups are respectively Sangraha and Višeşa. All the sayings in the scriptures mainly come under these two groups. For some statements deal with generalisations--others with particularisations. Correspondingly there are only two principal view-points as accepted by the scriptures. The view-point of identity, upon which are founded the statements of generalisation in the scriptures, is called Dravyästika Naya while the view-point upon which are founded the statements of particularisation is called Paryāyāstika Naya. In as much as all thoughts or the sayings in the scriptures inspired by thought, are founded on these two Nayas. These Nayas are called the mouthpiece. of the scriptures. The exposition of these two Nayas and their mutual reconciliation results in the doctrine of Anekānta - Versatility of aspects. As these two Nayas form thus the bedrock of Anekāntavāda, a discussion of their salient features is entered into in the subsequent verges. 3
Subdivisions of Dravyāstika Naya -
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