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angas in accordance with the three steps. Then Purandara took a dish filled with divine powdered sandal and, surrounded by gods, approached the feet of the God of gods. Then rising and sprinkling the gañabhrts in turn with the powder, he gave permission himself for exposition by both text and interpretation, by substances, qualities, modifications, 272 and modes of expressing things;878 and permission for the gaņas. Then the gods, men, and women from all sides threw powder 274 on them accompanied by the sound of the heavenly drum. The gañadharas stood with folded hands, receiving the Master's speech like trees receiving rain. Ascending his lion-throne again, facing the east as before, the Master delivered another sermon containing instruction. Then the period of three hours, 275 resembling the ocean bank with unrestrained waves of the sermon arising from the ocean of the Master, was completed.
Just then the oblation made from whole, husked, shining rice, four prastha 278 in measure, placed in a dish, its fragrance doubled by perfumes placed on it by the gods, carried by men of first rank, ordered made by Bharata, the heavens being filled with echoes of the
272 665. Substance (dravya) is-e.g.--the material from which a pot is made; color is one of its qualities (guna); but the color might change (paryāya).
278 665. Naya. For the 7 payas, see T. 1. 34 and com., and Jhaveri, P. J. P. pp. 49 f.
274 666. Vasaksepa. The powder is a mixture of various, fragrant ingredients, named to me-on one occasion-as musk, camphor, ambergris, and sandal. It is put on the head of the new. ly-initiated, and also on the heads of other participants in some festivals such as the Paryusana.
275 669. Laurus The Tirthankaras preached during the first period, which began at sunrise.
278 670. Prastha is a bulk measure. The Āva. (1986) gives a table beginning with asati, which makes a prastha=64 asatis. Asati is apparently the same as asali, a word in use at the present time in Kathawar, meaning handful.'
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