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APPENDIX
5 Mahävratas (Great Vows) Ahimsa Nonviolence
Satya
Asteya
Brahmacharya
Aparigraha
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27 Attributes of Ascetics Shvetämbar Tradition (group 1)
• 5 Great vows to follow
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Endurance of hardship
· Endurance of suffering
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Truth
Introspection
Keep a pure heart
Shvetämbar Tradition (group 2)
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Non-stealing
Celibacy
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Non
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possessiveness
Not to commit any type of violence.
Not to indulge in any type of lie or falsehood
5 senses to control - To control the pleasures of five senses; touch, taste, smell, sight, hearing
3 activities to control: mind, speech, and body (Three Guptis) 6 types of souls to protect
Protection of five one-sensed lives (water, fire, earth, air and plant known as Sthävar souls) and one group of mobile living beings (two-sensed to five-sensed living beings grouped together known as Trasa souls)
Observe restraints
Not to eat before sunrise or after sunset
Practice forgiveness
Avoid greed
Not to take anything not given voluntarily. Not to indulge in any sensual pleasures
Not to acquire more than what is needed to maintain day-to-day life
5 Great Vows (Mahä-vrata) to follow
5 senses to control - To control the pleasures of five senses; touch, taste, smell, sight, hearing
3 activities to control: mind, speech and body (three Guptis)
4 Kashayas to avoid, which are the four passions: Anger, Ego, Deceit, Greed
ENGLISH PRATIKRAMAN
