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NAV TATTVA PARTI: JIV, AJIVA, PUNYA, PÄP, ÄSARVA AND BANDHA are known as the four Kashäyas or four passions, which drag the soul downwards. In addition to these, there are No-kashayas or semi defilements like joy, gloom, affection, disaffection, fear, disgust and certain sensual impulses. On account of these Kashayas and No-kashayas. the soul indulges in arrogance, greed, joy, affection, love etc. when it views any given situation as favorable. If it views the situation as unfavorable, it indulges in anger, deception, gloom, disaffection, fear, disgust etc.
Äsrava Äsrava is the cause, which leads to the influx of good and evil karma and which leads to the bondage of the soul.
Äsrava may be described as attraction in the soul toward sense objects. The following are causes of Asrava or influx of good and evil karma:
Mithyatva - Ignorance Avirati
- Lack of self restraint Pramada* - Unawareness or unmindfulness Kashaya - Passions like anger, conceit, deceit, and lust
- Activities of mind, speech, and body
Yoga
* Some Jain literatures mention only four causes of Asrava. They include Pramäda in the category of Kasaya.
Bandha The detail of Bandha is described in the chapter - Theory of Karma and Reincarnation
Non-violence and kindness to living beings is kindness to oneself. For thereby one's own self is saved from various kinds of sins and resultant sufferings and is able to secure his own welfare.
--Mahavira
JAIN PHILOSOPHY AND PRACTICE I
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